In 2022, Ukraine's electricity consumption showcased a strong inclination towards low-carbon sources. Specifically, more than half of the electricity consumed was generated by nuclear power, making it the dominant clean energy source, while hydropower and solar contributed smaller portions. Together, these low-carbon sources accounted for over 70% of the country's electricity. On the other hand, fossil fuels, predominantly driven by coal and gas, contributed to around 28% of the electricity consumption. Despite the noteworthy contribution of low-carbon sources, fossil energy's significant share underscores ongoing reliance and the need for further progress in transitioning towards more sustainable energy sources.
Is Electricity Growing in Ukraine?
When examining the trends in electricity growth, there appears to be a decline in Ukraine. In 2022, per person electricity consumption was 2767 kWh, which is significantly lower than the historic high of 5746 kWh reached in 1988. This indicates a troubling decrease of nearly 3000 kWh per person. Furthermore, low-carbon electricity generation has also seen a decline, with the latest figures standing at 1966 kWh per person compared to the previous year’s record of 2434 kWh. The decrease in both overall and low-carbon electricity generation is disappointing and signals the need for focused efforts to revitalize growth in sustainable electricity generation.
Suggestions
To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Ukraine can focus on expanding its already substantial nuclear power capabilities. By doing so, the country can build upon its largest source of clean electricity. Additionally, Ukraine can look to successful regions around the world for inspiration. For instance, France has demonstrated remarkable success with nuclear energy, generating 69% of its electricity this way. Ukraine can also learn from countries like Lithuania and Denmark, where wind energy contributes significantly to the mix, and consider scaling up solar energy as seen in regions like Greece and California. By drawing on these examples, Ukraine can reinforce its low-carbon capabilities, enhancing both energy independence and sustainability.
History
Historically, Ukraine's nuclear electricity generation has seen fluctuations, with periods of significant growth and decline. In the late 1980s, significant variations were noted, with a sharp increase in 1988 followed by a reduction in subsequent years. The 1990s and 2000s experienced sporadic gains in nuclear-generated electricity, with notable increases in 1996, 2000, and 2004. The early 2010s continued this pattern, reflecting positive growth and undesirable declines, followed by a major increase in 2021. However, the most recent decline in 2022 stands out as a critical concern, marking a significant decrease. Despite these challenges, Ukraine's commitment to growing low-carbon electricity remains pivotal in addressing both climate and energy security challenges.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.