In the recent twelve-month period from September 2024 through August 2025, electricity consumption in Pennsylvania exhibits a predominant reliance on fossil fuels, which account for approximately two-thirds of the total power generated. Gas takes up a significant share within this category, standing at almost 59%, while coal contributes a smaller potion with just over 6%. On the clean energy front, one-third of Pennsylvania's electricity is sourced from low-carbon means. Nuclear power is a strong player here, providing a substantial 31%, while wind contributes a modest 1.5%. This composition underscores the state's heavy reliance on fossil fuels while still maintaining a significant portion of its electricity from clean, low-carbon sources.
Data sources used on this page include EIA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Pennsylvania?
When examining the trajectory of electricity consumption in Pennsylvania, it is clear that demand is on the rise. In 2025, each person consumed around 18,872 kWh, marking an increase of 330 kWh from the previous high recorded in 2021. However, when we look specifically at low-carbon electricity generation, there’s a concerning decline, with 2025's low-carbon output being 6,400 kWh per person, which is negative growth compared to the peak levels of 2018 where it was 7,258 kWh per person. This dip in clean energy generation is a cause for worry as it runs counter to the growing imperative for increased low-carbon electricity.
Suggestions
To reverse the declining trend in low-carbon electricity generation, Pennsylvania should consider expanding its existing nuclear capacity, a sector that already forms a significant part of its clean energy output. Drawing lessons from states like Illinois, where 52% of electricity comes from nuclear, and countries such as France and Slovakia, where nuclear contributes 69% and 67% respectively, could provide valuable insights. Simultaneously, Pennsylvania can look to successful adoption of solar and wind power. States like South Carolina and New Hampshire harness over half of their electricity from nuclear energy, and expanding solar generation could benefit from the strategies employed in states like Nevada and New Mexico, which capture 30% and 15% respectively from solar sources. By leveraging successful models from these regions, Pennsylvania can make meaningful strides towards a cleaner, more sustainable electricity future.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Pennsylvania reflects a fluctuating narrative of nuclear and the gradual introduction of other green technologies. In the early 2000s, the state experienced declines in nuclear power, highlighted by significant reductions in 2005 and 2006, while the early 2010s saw some recovery, including a notable increase of 3.5 TWh in 2013. These positive moments portray the potential and impact of nuclear energy in powering the state. However, the decade coming into 2020 was marked by a steep downturn in nuclear production with a massive reduction of 6.7 TWh in 2020 alone, illustrating critical moments of energy shortfall and stagnancy. The recent introduction of solar power in 2024 is a positive indicator of diversification and growth in clean electricity generation. Pennsylvania’s energy narrative clearly illustrates that maintaining and expanding a robust mix of sustainable, low-carbon electricity remains essential to address both present demands and future goals.
