Sri Lanka's electricity consumption in 2024 is marked by a strong leaning towards low-carbon energy sources, which account for slightly more than half of the total electricity consumption at 55%. Of this, hydropower is the most significant, contributing almost 37%, followed by solar energy at nearly 14%, and wind energy at a bit more than 4%. The remaining share, slightly less than 45%, is generated from fossil fuels. The reliance on low-carbon sources is a significant achievement, but continued efforts to expand this clean electricity generation are necessary to fully tap into the potential benefits of such a transition, including reduced air pollution and mitigation of climate change impacts.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember, Energy Institute and IEA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Sri Lanka?
Electricity is indeed on the rise in Sri Lanka, as evidenced by the increase in per capita consumption, which has grown to 818 kWh in 2024, up from the previous record of 771 kWh in 2021. This growth reflects a 48 kWh increase per person, indicating a promising trend of increasing electricity access or usage. Regarding low-carbon electricity, there has been more notable growth; per capita generation reached 451 kWh in 2024, a jump of 71 kWh from the previous record set in 2021. This signifies a positive trajectory towards more sustainable energy consumption, showcasing Sri Lanka's commitment to cleaner electricity.
Suggestions
To further increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Sri Lanka should focus on expanding its solar capacity. Observing successful regions, Sri Lanka can learn from Nevada, where solar power provides 33% of electricity, and California, with 29% from solar energy. Additionally, incorporating nuclear energy as seen in France, where nuclear power supplies 68% of electricity, highlights the potential for a significant transition. Countries like Slovakia and Ukraine, with their extensive nuclear energy usage, further underscore the impactful role that nuclear can play in a clean electricity mix. Embracing a similar diversified approach could enhance Sri Lanka's energy security and sustainability.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Sri Lanka has been dynamic, with hydropower witnessing various changes over the years. Notable increases occurred in the mid-1980s and early 1990s, while some declines took place during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The decade saw a resurgence in 2006, and after some fluctuations, there was substantial growth in 2013, followed by a subsequent downturn in 2014. In more recent years, there have been significant contributions from wind and solar, notably in 2022. By 2024, all three sectors, hydro, wind, and solar, have shown positive growth, underlining a robust transition towards a sustainable energy future for Sri Lanka.
