Electricity in Ethiopia in 2022

Ethiopia's electricity generation in 2022 was primarily from low-carbon sources, with over 90% of it coming from hydropower, accounting for approximately 15 TWh. This reliance on hydropower indicates a strong foundation in clean energy. However, when considering the total electricity consumption per capita, Ethiopians consumed far less than the global average. With a population of around 120 million people, the per capita electricity consumption is only about 129 watts per person, dramatically lower than the global average of 3606 watts per person. Such low levels of electricity generation can hinder economic development, limit educational opportunities, and restrict access to essential services, leading to a lower quality of life and slower progress in health and technology sectors.

Suggestions

To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Ethiopia can take cues from countries that have successfully expanded their clean energy portfolios, particularly focusing on nuclear, solar, and wind energy. For instance, China has made significant strides in solar and wind energy, generating 653 TWh and 950 TWh respectively. Ethiopia could look into investing in large-scale solar farms, given its vast solar potential, similar to the initiatives in India, which produced 125 TWh of solar electricity. Additionally, wind energy offers another promising avenue; countries like Brazil and India generated 97 TWh and 92 TWh of wind electricity, respectively. By diversifying its low-carbon energy sources, Ethiopia can not only increase its electricity generation but also ensure a more resilient energy grid.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Ethiopia shows a consistent reliance on hydropower. From the early 2000s, hydropower generation increased steadily with significant growth periods observed in 2010 with an increase of 1.4 TWh and in 2016 with an increase of 2.1 TWh. Wind power saw its first contribution in 2015 with a modest 0.3 TWh, although it experienced slight fluctuations in subsequent years. Despite these fluctuations, the trend indicates a gradual embrace of wind energy. To sustain its growth and diversify its energy portfolio, Ethiopia should continue investing in both hydropower and newer technologies like solar and wind, ensuring a balanced and sustainable energy future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources