Electricity in Ethiopia in 2023

In 2023, Ethiopia's electricity generation is significantly centered around low-carbon sources, predominantly hydropower, which constitutes almost all of the low-carbon electricity produced in the country, amounting to about 18 TWh. This reliance on clean energy places Ethiopia in a commendable position concerning environmentally-friendly electricity generation. However, when looking at the global spectrum, Ethiopia still falls short in per capita electricity consumption, averaging significantly less than the global average of 3,813 watts per person. This low level of electricity generation has implications for the country's economic development and overall living standards. Limited electricity accessibility can hinder industrial growth, education, and healthcare, contributing to slower economic progress and reduced quality of life for its citizens.

Suggestions

To boost its low-carbon electricity generation, Ethiopia can draw lessons from countries that have successfully diversified their clean energy portfolio. For instance, China has made remarkable strides in wind and solar power, generating hundreds of terawatt-hours from both sources. Brazil, sharing some geographical and developmental similarities with Ethiopia, is another example with its impressive achievements in wind energy. Adopting and adapting these global strategies, especially in expanding wind and solar capacities, could provide Ethiopia with reliable, sustainable, and sufficient electricity supplies. As nuclear energy also emerges as a highly efficient low-carbon option globally, Ethiopia should contemplate expanding its electricity generation framework to potentially include nuclear energy, mirroring efforts by diverse countries like France, Canada, and South Korea.

History

Looking back at Ethiopia's journey in low-carbon electricity generation, significant progress has been observed, particularly in hydropower development. From the early 2000s, Ethiopia showed gradual growth, with notable increases in hydroelectric power during and after 2010, when annual increases frequently exceeded 1 TWh. In 2016, the country marked a major leap with a 2.1 TWh addition alone. Concurrently, wind energy began contributing from 2015 onwards, showing slight gains despite a setback in 2022. This steady progression highlights a deliberate and consistent effort toward enhancing sustainable electricity, laying a strong foundation for future developments in green energy expansion. Overall, Ethiopia's historical focus on expanding its hydroelectric capacity sets an encouraging precedent for continued growth in both wind and potentially nuclear energy.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources