In 2023, the state of electricity consumption in Laos is markedly clean, with low-carbon energy sources dominating the landscape. Hydropower alone accounts for more than three-quarters of the total electricity produced, making it the backbone of the country's low-carbon energy production. In stark contrast, fossil fuels, specifically coal, make up just over a fifth of the consumption. This reliance on coal poses a challenge due to its contributions to climate change and air pollution. However, the clear emphasis on hydropower highlights Laos' commitment to cleaner energy sources, and there is room to diversify the low-carbon mix further.
Is Electricity Growing in Laos?
Electricity consumption in Laos is on an upward trajectory, evidenced by the new record in per capita consumption of about 6823 kWh in 2023, a noticeable increase from the previous year's high of 6752 kWh. Accompanying this growth is a rise in low-carbon electricity generation, which reached 5234 kWh per person in 2023, improving significantly from 5141 kWh the prior year. The ongoing increases underscore a welcome trend towards greater electricity availability, particularly clean electricity, although continued efforts are necessary to expand low-carbon sources to meet future demands driven by factors like population growth and technological advancements.
Suggestions
To boost its low-carbon electricity generation, Laos can draw insights from both solar and nuclear success stories around the globe. Lebanon, for instance, demonstrates significant potential with solar energy constituting more than a quarter of its electricity, while France leads with a notably high percentage of nuclear energy. Additionally, places like Iowa and Denmark show that wind energy can substantially contribute to electricity grids when developed effectively. Laos can thus diversify its energy composition by pressing forward with investments in solar and exploring nuclear power, drawing on these successful models to enhance its clean energy footprint.
History
In reviewing Laos’ historical trajectory in low-carbon electricity production, particularly hydropower, one can notice remarkable growth. In the early 21st century, specifically in the 2010s and early 2020s, this sector experienced substantial leaps, with significant annual increases especially in 2010, 2020, and 2022. Such growth showcases Laos' dynamic energy landscape and its potential to become a leader in low-carbon electricity. These efforts should continue not only to sustain but also boost the reliability and reach of clean electricity amidst a world facing critical environmental challenges.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.