In 2022, Réunion's electricity consumption largely relied on fossil energy, responsible for more than half of the electricity generated. Fossil energy, driven primarily by coal, accounted for about 66% of the total consumption. On the other hand, low-carbon electricity sources contributed to 34% of the island's electricity, with hydropower being the most substantial clean source at approximately 19%. Solar power provided around 8%, a promising area for expansion given Réunion's favorable climate for solar energy. Additionally, biofuels contributed slightly more than 7% to the low-carbon electricity mix, rounding out the island's sustainable energy profile.
Is Electricity Growing in Réunion?
When assessing the growth of electricity consumption in Réunion, it appears there has been a decline. The per-person electricity consumption in 2022 was recorded at 3867 kWh, a decrease from the record high of 4400 kWh per person in 2020, which means a reduction of 533 kWh. Despite this, the generation of low-carbon electricity per person reached a new peak at 1320 kWh, surpassing the previous record set in 2013. While this is a positive development for clean energy, the overall decline in electricity consumption warrants concern, as it suggests potential stagnation in the energy sector, which could hinder future electrification and economic growth.
Suggestions
To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Réunion can look towards global leaders in clean energy deployment for inspiration. France, which generates 69% of its electricity from nuclear energy, demonstrates a strong commitment to low-carbon power. Similarly, Lebanon's solar initiatives account for 31% of its electricity generation, despite being a smaller country. Réunion could capitalize on similar strategies, investing more in solar projects given its ample sunshine. As nuclear power is pivotal in many countries like Slovakia and France, it could also serve as a reliable complement to solar, offering stability to Réunion's energy mix while significantly cutting down on fossil-fuel dependency.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Réunion has witnessed a series of fluctuations. In the early 2000s, hydropower frequently experienced minor changes, with slight decreases and increases in its output. Solar power started contributing to the island's electricity generation in 2010, demonstrating modest yet encouraging growth. Throughout the last decade, hydropower saw variations, though a notable increase occurred in 2022 with a 0.3 TWh boost. Biofuels showed isolated spikes and declines, reflecting a less stable trajectory. Collectively, these shifts highlight the necessity for a steady and strategic investment in diversifying low-carbon sources, aiming for sustained growth and dependability.