Electricity in Tajikistan in 2022

In 2022, Tajikistan's electricity consumption was predominantly from low-carbon sources, with hydropower contributing around 19 TWh, accounting for more than 85% of the total electricity generation. In contrast, fossil fuels provided roughly 2 TWh, with coal being the major contributor among them. This substantial reliance on clean energy places Tajikistan ahead of many regions globally in terms of its electricity's carbon footprint. However, the total electricity consumption in Tajikistan, per person, remains significantly lower than the global average of 432 watts per person, indicating potential limitations in economic development, access to modern amenities, and overall quality of life due to restricted electricity availability.

Suggestions

To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, Tajikistan can draw lessons from other countries' successes in this area. For instance, the People's Republic of China has seen significant achievements in wind and solar power, generating 886 TWh and 584 TWh, respectively. Similarly, India has made impressive strides with 113 TWh from solar and 82 TWh from wind. These examples, particularly from countries sharing similar developmental profiles, suggest that Tajikistan could harness its immense wind and solar potential. Expanding its clean energy portfolio further can help ensure a more resilient and sustainable electricity supply, promoting economic growth and reducing dependence on fossil fuels, which harm the environment and public health.

History

Historically, hydropower in Tajikistan has seen both ups and downs. In the early 1990s, there was a notable dip in generation, but in 1993 it bounced back with a 1.1 TWh increase. The late 1990s again witnessed fluctuations, including a decline of 2.4 TWh in 1995. From 2000 onwards, there were various periods of growth and contraction, such as a 1.2 TWh increase in 2003 and a decrease of 1.3 TWh in 2008. However, the last decade has seen a general trend toward recovery and growth, with significant upsurges like 1.3 TWh in 2018 and compensatory increments almost yearly. This indicates a strong foundation in hydropower, which could be supplemented with expanded investments in nuclear, wind, and solar technologies to meet future needs sustainably.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources