In 2022, French Polynesia's electricity consumption heavily leaned on fossil energy sources, making up over 60% of the total electricity mix. However, there's a significant portion, more than a third, coming from low-carbon sources. Within these low-carbon sources, hydropower takes the lead, accounting for about 27% of the total electricity generation. Solar power, while contributing less, still represents an important and growing share of around 7%. With both hydropower and solar contributing to clean energy production, French Polynesia demonstrates an initial commitment to reducing reliance on fossil fuels, which is vital for tackling climate change and air pollution.
Is Electricity Growing in French Polynesia?
While exploring the growth of electricity consumption in French Polynesia, data indicates a downward trend since 2010. In 2022, electricity consumption amounted to 2533 kWh per person, which is a decrease of 387 kWh per person from the 2010 figure of 2920 kWh per person. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation also witnessed a decline, dropping to 856 kWh per person from a previous record of 998 kWh per person in 2010, showing a reduction of 142 kWh per person. This noticeable decline in both overall and low-carbon consumption is concerning, particularly in a time when greater electrification and clean energy are crucial for sustainable growth and development.
Suggestions
To counteract this decline and boost low-carbon electricity generation, French Polynesia can look to successful regions for inspiration. The example of countries successfully embracing solar energy, such as Cyprus and Australia, which generate 21% of their electricity from solar, could provide a valuable model for Polynesia, given the island region's abundant sunshine. Furthermore, integrating nuclear power into the energy mix can pave the way for exponential growth in clean electricity. France, with 69% of its electricity supplied by nuclear power, illustrates the potential for sustainability and energy security that can be achieved. By emulating these approaches, French Polynesia can significantly enhance its low-carbon electricity landscape.
History
Reviewing the history of low-carbon electricity in French Polynesia, hydropower has been a consistent source since the early 2000s, with no significant increases until a small growth spurt in 2010, which was then reversed in 2011. However, solar energy presence began to gradually feature into the mix from 2011 onwards, though showing slow progress and limited expansions. While there have been occasional fluctuations in hydropower output, there hasn't been substantial growth in low-carbon electricity overall. This past sluggishness underlines the urgent need for developing robust policies and investments in solar and nuclear energy to ensure a sustainable energy future for French Polynesia.