Electricity in Cameroon in 2022

In 2022, Cameroon generated approximately 8.1 terawatt-hours of electricity, with more than half coming from low-carbon sources, particularly hydropower, which is nearly 5 terawatt-hours. Gas, a fossil fuel, contributed around 2.4 terawatt-hours, accounting for almost a third of the total electricity, reflecting the country's reliance on fossil energy to meet its needs. When comparing this to the global average of electricity consumption, which stands at 3606 watts per person, Cameroon's production levels are significantly lower. This shortfall in electricity generation can impede economic development, limit access to key services, and affect the overall quality of life by hindering industrial activity and access to modern conveniences.

Suggestions

To ramp up low-carbon electricity generation, Cameroon could benefit from the strategies employed by countries like Brazil and India. Brazil's success in generating nearly 100 terawatt-hours from wind suggests that similar investments could be fruitful in Cameroon, which shares comparable climatic conditions favorable for wind energy. Additionally, the solar developments in India, which produced around 125 terawatt-hours, highlight the potential for solar energy expansion in sunny regions like Cameroon. Learning from these countries, Cameroon could adopt policies that encourage investment in wind and solar energy, potentially supplementing this with the development of nuclear power for a consistent and reliable low-carbon energy mix.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity generation in Cameroon primarily centers on hydropower, with gradual increases seen over the decades. In the 1980s, small annual increments of around 0.2 terawatt-hours were common, marking a steady growth in hydropower capacity. The pattern continued into the late 1990s and early 2000s, although with occasional setbacks, such as a decrease of 0.3 terawatt-hours in 2002. Notably, a significant increase of 0.7 terawatt-hours in 2017 reflects a concerted effort to boost hydropower resources. While these fluctuations indicate some instability, the overall trend shows progress in Cameroon's commitment to enhance its low-carbon electricity supply, though further diversification into other low-carbon sources like nuclear, wind, and solar will be essential to fully meet the country's electricity needs sustainably.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources