Electricity in Cameroon in 2023
In 2023, Cameroon's electricity generation showcases a significant reliance on low-carbon sources, which account for more than three-quarters of its total electricity production. Specifically, hydropower is the leading source with approximately 5.3 TWh, complemented by a negligible amount of biofuels. In contrast, fossil fuels contribute roughly a quarter of the total with about 3 TWh, primarily from gas. This highlights a positive trend toward clean energy, though the overall electricity availability remains low when viewed on a per capita basis. Compared to the global average of 3813 watts per person, Cameroon's electricity consumption is substantially lower, which may contribute to challenges like limited economic growth and access to modern amenities for its population.
Suggestions
To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Cameroon can take cues from successful countries. Brazil showcases a strong focus on wind energy, generating 108 TWh, demonstrating the potential of expanding wind capacities in regions with suitable geographical conditions. Meanwhile, India has made remarkable progress in solar energy, generating 134 TWh, illustrating how adopting solar power can significantly boost electricity production even in developing economies. Emphasis on nuclear energy, as shown by France's 379 TWh from nuclear sources, presents another viable path for Cameroon to explore. By adopting policies and technologies from these nations, Cameroon could enhance its sustainability and reduce dependency on fossil fuels, thus contributing to global efforts to combat climate change.
History
Cameroon's history in low-carbon electricity generation has predominantly revolved around hydropower developments. The country saw steady increases in this sector during the 1980s, indicative of initial investments, with noted boosts in specific years such as 1981, 1982, and 1988. The turn of the millennium presented mixed outcomes, including a brief decline in 2002, but it quickly rebounded by 2003. The hydro sector again gained momentum from 2008 onward, with particular growth in 2017, indicating renewed efforts or investments in expanding capacity. While biofuel use made a brief appearance in 2006, its contribution has not persisted. Overall, Cameroon's journey reflects a commitment to bolstering its hydro capabilities, signifying potential paths for further broadening its clean energy portfolio.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.