Over the past 12 months, from April 2025 to March 2026, Bolivia has predominantly relied on fossil fuels for its electricity production, with about two-thirds of its electricity, or approximately 66%, generated from gas. On the other hand, low-carbon or clean electricity accounts for almost a third of the total electricity production, roughly 34%. Among the low-carbon sources, hydropower is the most significant, contributing 27% to the electricity mix, followed by solar at 3% and wind at about 2%. Biofuels also have a minor role, producing 1% of the country's electricity. It is crucial to increase the share of clean energy to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate the negative impacts associated with them, such as climate change and air pollution.

Is Electricity Growing in Bolivia?

Recent trends indicate a worrying decline in electricity consumption per person in Bolivia. After reaching a record high of 998 kWh/person in 2024, the consumption has dropped to 952 kWh/person in 2026, representing a reduction of 46 kWh. This decline raises concerns about the country’s ability to meet its growing demand for electricity, especially with the increasing scope of electrification and advancements like AI that substantially boost electricity needs. The decrease is not only limited to total electricity consumption, as low-carbon electricity per person has also fallen significantly. It was 379 kWh/person in 2024, dropping to 320 kWh/person in 2026, marking a decrease of 59 kWh. Prompt action is needed to reverse these trends and continue pushing towards a future fueled by clean energy.

Suggestions

To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, Bolivia can observe and learn from countries proficient in utilizing clean energy sources. Regions like France and Slovakia exemplify the successful deployment of nuclear energy, contributing respectively 67% and 65% to their electricity generation. Denmark and Iowa showcase the effective use of wind energy, generating 60% and 57% of their electricity from it. Bolivia should consider investing in nuclear energy, emulating the success of nations with robust nuclear sectors. Additionally, expanding solar infrastructure, akin to California and Lebanon with their 31% solar shares, could drive substantial growth in Bolivia's clean electricity portfolio. Prioritizing nuclear, solar, and wind energy development would position Bolivia as a leader in low-carbon electricity production and align the nation with the global push for greener energy solutions.

History

Looking back, Bolivia’s history in low-carbon electricity generation reveals a fluctuating journey, particularly in hydropower. During the 1980s, the country experienced some inconsistencies, with slight declines. The early 2000s marked periodic increments, eventually stabilizing until a notable uptick in 2017, adding 0.5 TWh. From 2018 to 2019, hydropower saw continuous growth, but it faced declines again in 2020. More recently, in 2022, wind energy showed potential by contributing an additional 0.3 TWh. Still, 2025 saw a drop in biofuels’ contribution by 0.3 TWh. Building on this foundation, Bolivia should focus on expanding solar and possibly introducing nuclear power, ensuring a resilient, sustainable future powered by clean electricity.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

* 12M = Last 12 months (Apr 2025 – Mar 2026) — a rolling 12-month period, not a calendar year.