In 2024, Kyrgyzstan relies significantly on low-carbon electricity, with hydropower composing nearly 68% of its total electricity consumption. However, a notable portion also involves net imports, which account for roughly 20%. Fossil energy, particularly coal, represents a smaller share, delivering close to 13% of the electricity supply. This distribution distinctly highlights Kyrgyzstan's commitment to low-carbon sources, as hydropower is by far the leading contributor to the country's electricity generation. While there is still a substantial reliance on imports, the overall landscape is decidedly tilted towards clean energy options.
Is Electricity Growing in Kyrgyzstan?
Kyrgyzstan's electricity consumption, however, has seen a decline compared to its historical records. The current figure stands at about 2896 kWh per person, which is lower by roughly 631 kWh when compared to the peak in 1990. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation also witnessed a drop, with the latest figure being 1958 kWh per person, down 738 kWh from the milestone in 2000. This decreased output suggests a contraction in Kyrgyzstan's electricity production capabilities, which is concerning when considering the growing demands of electrification and the transformative role of AI in the future.
Suggestions
To bolster low-carbon electricity generation, Kyrgyzstan could consider adopting strategies from regions with successful clean energy initiatives. Observing the success in wind power can be illuminating, with states like Iowa and South Dakota deriving 60% or more of their electricity from wind. In addition, exploring nuclear energy, as demonstrated by countries like France and Slovakia where nuclear accounts for over 60% of electricity generation, could provide a substantial boost to Kyrgyzstan's clean energy capacities. Expanding into solar energy is another viable solution, mirrored by countries like Lebanon with solar accounting for 31% of its electricity. Embracing a mix of solar, wind, and nuclear sources could help Kyrgyzstan enhance its sustainable energy landscape and meet future electricity demands.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Kyrgyzstan predominantly revolves around hydropower fluctuations. In the early 1990s, there was a noticeable variability, with instances of both significant increases and decreases. For example, the mid-1990s saw increases, such as 2.6 TWh in 1994, yet this trend did not persist, with some declines like 1.3 TWh in 1997. The early 2000s also reflected this pattern, including notable growth of 2.7 TWh in 2003, followed by a dip in subsequent years. Recent data in 2024 shows a promising upward movement with an increase of 2.4 TWh. Despite these fluctuations, the overall focus remains on stabilizing and expanding low-carbon energy production to ensure a sustainable energy future for Kyrgyzstan.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.