Electricity in El Salvador in 2023/2024

In El Salvador, the electricity consumption for the period from July 2023 to June 2024 shows a noteworthy inclination towards low-carbon, or clean, energy sources. Low-carbon energy constitutes slightly more than 60% of the total electricity mix, with hydropower, geothermal, and solar being the significant contributors. Hydropower generates around 21% of the country’s electricity, geothermal energy accounts for nearly 19%, and solar provides over 14%. Meanwhile, electricity from biofuels and wind stands at approximately 5% and 2%, respectively. On the other hand, fossil energies, predominantly driven by gas, represent a little less than 39% of the electricity consumed. The use of fossil fuels, though contributing a significant share, poses challenges related to climate change and air pollution.

Suggestions

To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, El Salvador could particularly focus on expanding its solar power capacity, given its already substantial contribution. Drawing from successful international examples, El Salvador might learn from countries like Uruguay, which generates about a third of its electricity through wind power, highlighting the potential of wind as a viable clean energy option. Additionally, the expansion of nuclear energy, as seen in countries like Slovakia, where nuclear makes up 60% of the electricity mix, can serve as an inspiration. Nuclear energy is a reliable and sustainable option that can further reduce dependency on fossil fuels and enhance energy security.

History

Reflecting on the history of low-carbon electricity in El Salvador, there have been several fluctuations, primarily in hydropower. Starting in 1979, there was a gradual increase, but the 1980s showed variability with a notable decline in 1982, countered by a recovery in subsequent years. The late 1990s and early 2000s similarly experienced ups and downs, with a significant drop in 1997 and a recovery at the dawn of the new millennium. The 2010s saw some stabilization with moderate gains, notably in 2010 and 2017. The emergence of solar energy in 2020 marked a positive step in diversifying low-carbon sources. The data also indicates minor but consistent biofuels contributions, without overshadowing the leading roles of the other green energy sources. Overall, the trend has been towards greater use of clean electricity, crucial for reducing environmental impacts.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources