Electricity in Montenegro in 2023/2024

In Montenegro, electricity consumption over the past year, from November 2023 to October 2024, shows a diverse mix of energy sources. Close to half of the country's electricity originates from low-carbon sources, totaling approximately 48.45%. Within this segment, hydropower is the predominant source, accounting for about 40.79% of the total electricity generated, while wind energy contributes 7.66%. However, Montenegro still relies significantly on fossil energy, with coal alone making up around 32.76% of its electricity production. The country also depends on net imports for about 18.79% of its electricity needs. While low-carbon sources constitute a significant portion of Montenegro’s electricity, there remains room for further advancements towards more sustainable energy production.

Suggestions

To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, Montenegro can draw inspiration from other countries' strategies. Given its geographical setting and energy profile, adopting nuclear energy could be a key step, as seen in several European countries. For example, Slovakia and Bulgaria, both of which are similar in size or regional proximity to Montenegro, generate 60% and 42% of their electricity from nuclear energy, respectively. Moreover, investing in wind technology could parallel efforts seen in Denmark, where 59% of electricity comes from wind. By adopting and adapting these successful models, Montenegro can diversify and strengthen its low-carbon electricity portfolio, drastically reducing its dependence on coal and fostering a cleaner, more sustainable energy future.

History

Looking at Montenegro's history of low-carbon electricity, hydropower has experienced various fluctuations over the years. In the late 2000s, its electricity generation from hydropower initially declined, showing a decrease in 2006 and 2007 but later recovered with increases in the subsequent years, peaking with a 1 TWh increase in 2013 and a 1.1 TWh spike in 2018. Yet, it was marked by significant variability, with occasional declines, like the sharp decrease of 1.5 TWh in 2011 and smaller dips in subsequent years. The introduction of wind energy in 2019, albeit modest with a 0.2 TWh increase, indicated a further step towards diversifying low-carbon electricity sources. These historical patterns highlight both the successes and challenges in boosting low-carbon electricity, reinforcing the importance of consistent and innovative strategies to stabilize and grow these sustainable energy sources.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources