Electricity in Kenya in 2023/2024

Over the past year, from October 2023 to September 2024, Kenya's electricity consumption has been characterized by an impressive reliance on low-carbon sources. Generating a total of 11.5 TWh from clean sources, geothermal energy contributes about half of this with 5.6 TWh, while hydropower follows with almost a third, producing 3.55 TWh. Wind energy adds a further 1.75 TWh, and the country also benefits from 1.36 TWh through net imports, supporting its low-carbon ambitions. Overall, Kenya's electricity consumption of more than half from clean sources sets a commendable precedent, although when compared to the global average of 3638 watts per person, this generation level indicates areas for growth. Low levels of electricity generation are associated with challenges like limited industrial growth, insufficient power for households, and increased reliance on fossil fuels, leading to elevated emissions and negative health impacts.

Suggestions

To bolster its low-carbon electricity generation, Kenya can expand its wind energy capacity, leveraging its favorable wind corridors. This strategy has shown success in countries like Brazil, which generates 102 TWh from wind, and India with 91 TWh from the same source. By following these examples, Kenya can improve its wind energy infrastructure and thus increase its clean electricity generation. Additionally, observing the nuclear investments made by countries such as South Korea, which produces 178 TWh from nuclear energy, can provide Kenya with insights into diversifying its energy portfolio. Such investments would utilize Kenya's potential to deliver reliable, clean energy for sustainable economic growth while concurrently reducing dependence on fossil fuels and their environmental impacts.

History

Historically, Kenya's journey in low-carbon electricity has seen notable developments. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, fluctuations in hydropower generation were observed with both declines and recoveries, reflecting the challenges of water resource variability. This underscores the importance of diversifying energy sources. The 2010s marked a shift as significant growth in geothermal energy was recorded, particularly in 2014 and 2015 with increments of 1.2 TWh and 1.3 TWh respectively, indicating a strategic focus on this abundant resource. More recently, in 2019 and 2021, wind energy emerged as an essential component of Kenya's energy mix, effectively contributing to the overall low-carbon generation. Concurrent reductions and gains in hydropower in the 2020s highlight the ongoing need for a balanced energy strategy, reinforcing the country's commitment to clean energy development.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources