In 2025, electricity consumption in Hawaii predominantly relies on fossil fuels, with oil accounting for more than half of the electricity generated, standing at 60%. In contrast, a significant part of Hawaii's electricity, almost a third, comes from low-carbon sources. Solar power alone contributes over 22%, with behind-the-meter solar installations making up about 14% and utility-scale solar adding over 8%. Other low-carbon sources like wind, geothermal, and biofuels together contribute another 9%, highlighting the important role clean energy is already playing in the state. However, to reduce reliance on fossil-generated electricity and combat climate change and air pollution, there is a clear need for increased adoption of low-carbon technologies.
Data sources used on this page include EIA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Hawaii?
Hawaii has seen an encouraging growth in electricity consumption, with the latest numbers showing an increase to 8086 kWh per person, up from the 2024 record of 7423 kWh per person, representing an increase of 664 kWh. This growth trend is not just limited to total electricity consumption but is also evident in low-carbon electricity generation, which has risen by 141 kWh per person to reach 2575 kWh per person. The increase illustrates both a heightened demand for energy and a positive trend toward more sustainable electricity generation. However, with the pressures of growing electrification needs, maintaining and accelerating this low-carbon shift is critical for sustainable development.
Suggestions
To further enhance low-carbon electricity generation in Hawaii, the state should focus on expanding its already successful solar power infrastructure. Drawing inspiration from regions with notable low-carbon electricity generation, such as North Macedonia, which derives almost half of its electricity from solar, Hawaii can significantly increase its solar contribution. Additionally, Hawaii could consider exploring nuclear options similar to countries like France or states like New Hampshire, where nuclear energy forms more than half of the electricity generation. By following successful examples from these regions, Hawaii can ensure that it continues to grow its green energy portfolio effectively.
History
In the years leading up to 2025, Hawaii has experienced various changes in its low-carbon electricity landscape. In 2024, biofuels saw a slight decline, while geothermal energy experienced a modest increase. Wind and hydroelectric power remained stable that year. In 2025, there were minor declines in both wind and hydroelectric power, while biofuels and geothermal stayed constant. These changes reflect the dynamic nature of the low-carbon energy sector in Hawaii, underscoring the need for continued strategic investment and focus on growth, particularly in expanding solar and exploring nuclear energy opportunities. Such steps are essential to ensure that low-carbon energy becomes an even larger part of Hawaii's electricity landscape in the future.
