In 2022, electricity consumption in Lesotho was modest, with residents using approximately 398 kWh per person. Low-carbon electricity, specifically from hydroelectric sources, accounted for more than half of this total, contributing 210 kWh per person. In contrast, electricity from fossil fuels and other non-clean sources represented less than half of the consumption. When compared to the global average of 3649 kWh per person, Lesotho's electricity usage is minimal, highlighting the need for expanded electricity generation to improve living standards and support development. Limited electricity generation can impede industrial growth, education, and access to essential technologies, thereby affecting the overall well-being and economic opportunities of the country.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and Enerdata. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Lesotho?
Examining the trends, electricity consumption in Lesotho has actually declined since a peak in 2010, when it stood at 446 kWh per person. Both total electricity and clean energy generation have decreased, with clean energy dropping significantly by 136 kWh per person from its previous high of 346 kWh per person in 2010. This downward trend suggests challenges in maintaining and growing the electricity sector, which is cause for concern given the rising energy needs of modern societies and the global shift towards more electricity-dependent lifestyles. Without reversing this decline, Lesotho risks falling further behind.
Suggestions
To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Lesotho could learn from countries and states with successful expansion in solar, wind, and nuclear power. Given the abundant sunlight the region receives, solar energy presents a significant opportunity for clean growth. For instance, China and the United States have both made impressive strides in solar electricity, generating large amounts of energy through substantial investments in solar projects. Similarly, wind power generation could be boosted by drawing inspiration from countries like Brazil and regions like Texas, which effectively harness their natural wind resources. Furthermore, though not yet utilized in Lesotho, nuclear energy offers a robust and reliable source of clean electricity, as demonstrated by countries such as France and South Korea. Embracing a mix of these low-carbon technologies can help Lesotho improve its electricity generation sustainably.
History
Lesotho's history of low-carbon electricity generation has been closely tied to hydroelectric power. The early 2000s saw a gradual increase in hydroelectricity, with small increments like the increase in 2005. However, this growth was unstable, with intermittent stagnation and even a decline in 2011 and 2019. These fluctuations reflect the challenges faced in consistently growing a reliance on a single energy source. Recently, in 2022, there was a slight reduction in hydroelectric generation by 0.1 TWh. This history underscores the urgent need for diversifying clean energy sources to ensure a stable and growing supply of electricity for the future.
