In 2025, electricity consumption in Maryland shows a diverse mix of sources. Almost half of the electricity is imported, accounting for about 41% of the total consumption. Low-carbon or clean energy sources provide a significant portion of the in-state electricity as well, making up almost a third at 30%. Nuclear energy is the dominant low-carbon source, contributing to more than 22% of the total electricity generation. Solar energy, including both utility-scale and behind-the-meter installations, plays a smaller but notable role at about 4.5%, while wind and hydropower contribute just a sliver. Fossil energy, primarily derived from gas and coal, accounts for about 28%, thus contributing to Maryland's reliance on non-renewable energy sources, which are known for their negative environmental impacts.
Data sources used on this page include EIA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Maryland?
The upward trajectory in Maryland's electricity consumption indicates a growing demand. The latest data shows that consumption has risen to 10,665 kilowatt-hours per person, an increase from the previous year's record. This rise of 455 kilowatt-hours per person represents a significant growth in demand within a year. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation continues to climb, albeit at a slower rate, with a recent increase that pushed it up to 3,248 kilowatt-hours per person. This demonstrates Maryland's commitment to growing its supply of clean electricity and addressing the climate crisis. However, as more sectors electrify, Maryland will need to accelerate its shift towards low-carbon sources to fully meet increasing demand sustainably.
Suggestions
Maryland can enhance its low-carbon electricity generation by expanding its existing nuclear capacity, a technology that already provides a substantial contribution to its clean energy mix. The state can learn valuable lessons from regions such as France and Slovakia, where nuclear energy generates more than two-thirds of electricity, showcasing the potential of nuclear power in achieving low-carbon goals. Additionally, states like California have successfully harnessed solar energy to produce about 31% of their electricity. By following similar strategies, Maryland could significantly increase its share of solar-generated electricity. Prioritizing these low-carbon technologies will not only reduce reliance on fossil fuels but also support a sustainable future for Maryland.
History
Historically, Maryland's journey with low-carbon electricity generation has seen varied progress. Nuclear energy has consistently been a substantial source, with a slight adjustment observed in 2024 and a modest increase in 2025. Wind power has shown small yet positive growth over these years, highlighting a potential, albeit gradual, avenue for electricity diversification. However, the recent dip in hydropower generation must be cautiously managed to maintain its contribution. The pattern in recent years suggests that while progress is being made, more robust actions and investments are necessary to accelerate clean electricity generation in Maryland. This transition is crucial for supporting future demand growth and achieving Maryland's climate and sustainability goals.
