In the year-long period from June 2024 to May 2025, Montana's electricity consumption has shown a commendable shift towards low-carbon energy sources, with these green energies contributing more than half—approximately 57%—of the state's total electricity generation. Hydropower leads the charge, contributing almost a third of the total electricity, followed by wind power, which makes up almost a quarter. Meanwhile, solar contributes a modest portion, accounting for close to none at just over 1% of the electricity mix. On the other hand, fossil fuels still account for around 42% of the electricity consumed in Montana. Notably, coal remains a significant contributor from this group, forming a substantial portion at about 36%. Gas and oil together contribute a smaller portion of the fossil fuel mix. The prioritization and development of low-carbon technologies in Montana is a positive trend, depicting a clear focus on reducing reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating climate change impacts.
Is Electricity Growing in Montana?
Despite these advancements in low-carbon energy generation, Montana's overall electricity consumption has seen a decline when compared to previous peak levels. The most recent data from 2025 shows total electricity consumption at about 23,589 kWh per person, marking a decrease of nearly 6,800 kWh per person since the record high set in 2008. Similarly, the latest figures for low-carbon electricity generation, at approximately 13,526 kWh per person, also reflect a reduction when compared to the highest recorded output in 2011, with a drop of about 370 kWh per person. This trend is concerning as it indicates a stalling of growth in both overall and low-carbon electricity consumption. With the increasing electrification of sectors like transportation and the potential for AI-driven demands, a steady increase in electricity generation, particularly from clean sources, is crucial.
Suggestions
To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, Montana should focus on expanding its existing wind capacities given its already significant contribution. Lessons can be drawn from regions like Iowa and South Dakota, where wind power makes up between 60% and 62% of their electricity mixes, demonstrating the potential for wind energy in regions with suitable conditions. Additionally, exploring solar power opportunities is essential. Montana can look towards countries and states that have successfully integrated solar energy, such as Lebanon and Nevada, where solar energy contributes between 29% and 31% of their electricity. Moreover, considering the establishment of nuclear power could offer a substantial addition to Montana’s low-carbon portfolio. Regions like France and South Carolina have shown that nuclear can account for more than half of electricity generation, emphasizing its viability and reliability as a clean energy source.
History
Looking back at the history of low-carbon electricity in Montana, hydropower has been an influential player, although it has shown fluctuations. The early 2000s saw some growth, but a notable surge happened in 2011 with a significant increase. Despite some declines in subsequent years, hydropower remained an essential part of the electricity mix. Wind energy has seen more recent increases, particularly a significant boost in 2024. The growing role of wind energy is encouraging, yet the state must ensure that these gains are not overshadowed by fluctuations but instead are sustained and expanded upon. This historical perspective highlights the need for consistent and strategic efforts in growing Montana's low-carbon energy capacities to ensure a steady and reliable green electricity future.