In the most recent 12-month period, from September 2024 to August 2025, electricity consumption in Montana demonstrates a strong dependency on low-carbon energy sources. Low-carbon sources account for more than half of the state’s electricity mix, specifically 56.3%. Hydropower is the largest provider of clean electricity, making up almost a third of this mix at 33.2%. Wind power contributes over a fifth, accounting for 21.7%, and solar energy is responsible for close to 1.3%. On the other hand, fossil energy sources, collectively making up roughly 43%, still hold a significant portion. Coal stands out among them at 36.9%, with smaller percentages coming from gas at 4.4% and oil at 1.5%.
Data sources used on this page include EIA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Montana?
When examining electricity consumption trends in Montana, it appears there has been a decrease when considering both total and low-carbon electricity generation per person. The current electricity consumption in 2025 is 24,604 kWh per person, which is a substantial decrease from the historical high of 30,353 kWh per person recorded in 2008. This demonstrates a drop of 5,749 kWh per person. In terms of low-carbon electricity generation, currently at 13,851 kWh per person, this is slightly below the previous record set in 2011 of 13,896 kWh per person, showing a decline of 45 kWh per person. These declines are concerning, especially in light of the global push for increased electrification to accommodate growing demand.
Suggestions
To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Montana can look to expand its wind energy, given its current substantial contribution to the state's clean electricity. Taking inspiration from successful regions, Montana might explore the integration of nuclear energy as seen in places like Iowa, where wind power reaches 60%, or nuclear-dominant New Hampshire with 55% coming from that source. Additionally, regions such as Spain and Australia, both significant in solar generation, showcase potential pathways for strengthening solar deployment, leveraging Montana’s landscape and solar potential. By adopting a strategy that incorporates more solar and potential nuclear, Montana can strive toward a more sustainable and reliable low-carbon electricity generation mix.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity generation in Montana has seen various ups and downs over the decades. Hydro energy, a consistent source of low-carbon electricity, saw significant boosts in the early 2000s, notably gaining 3.2 TWh in 2011. However, it has also experienced declines, particularly between 2012 and 2019. More recent years have shown some additions to both hydro and wind capacities, with wind energy notably increasing by 1.3 TWh in 2024. The state has the potential to enhance its electricity production by focusing on these clean energies, integrating newer technologies, and possibly expanding into nuclear avenues to ensure a stable, green energy future.
