In 2023, electricity consumption in Liberia remains markedly low at 71 kWh per person, a stark contrast to the global average of 3781 kWh per person. Just about a third of Liberia's electricity is from low-carbon sources, specifically hydropower, which produces 24 kWh per person. The rest depends on fossil energy, which is a concern due to the impact of climate change and air pollution. This low level of electricity generation has far-reaching effects, limiting industrial growth, educational opportunities, healthcare advancements, and overall living standards. It underscores the urgent need for Liberia to increase its electricity generation, particularly from clean sources, to improve quality of life and foster sustainable development.
Is Electricity Growing in Liberia?
Over the decades, Liberia has witnessed a substantial decline in electricity consumption. From its peak of 467 kWh per person in 1980, both total and clean electricity consumption have fallen significantly, with declines of 396 kWh and 132 kWh per person, respectively. The drop in low-carbon generation, especially from hydropower, raises concerns about stagnation. Given the global thrust towards cleaner energy, this trend is regrettable and highlights the challenges Liberia faces in growing its electricity capacity. The energy sector's recovery in Liberia will require a concerted effort to enhance generation and diversify sources while focusing on sustainable approaches.
Suggestions
To achieve a substantial increase in low-carbon electricity generation, Liberia can look to successful regions. For instance, China's achievements in wind and solar power demonstrate the potential of large-scale investments. In addition, the United States’ and France's nuclear generation capabilities offer a blueprint to transition towards a more sustainable, low-carbon future. Implementing solar and possibly expanding hydropower could be the most relevant for Liberia, considering its geographical strengths. These investments can serve as catalysts for progress, leading to economic growth, improved living standards, and reduced dependence on fossil fuels.
History
Historically, Liberia's low-carbon electricity landscape has been relatively static, with hydropower being the sole contributor. During the 1980s, and for much of the early years, there were minimal changes in hydropower generation, aside from a slight dip and recovery in the mid-1980s. This stagnation persisted into the 21st century with only minor fluctuations. Starting in 2018, there's been a slight positive increment, but it has not been significant enough to shift Liberia's dependency. The limited development in low-carbon electricity over the decades underlines the need for strategic investments in sustainable energy to bolster the country's energy landscape.