Electricity in Rwanda in 2022

As of 2022, electricity consumption in Rwanda remains significantly low compared to the global average. While more than half of the electricity in Rwanda is generated through low-carbon sources, the overall electricity consumption per person is still only a fraction of the global average of 3606 watts per person. The reliance on low-carbon energy like hydroelectric power contributes positively to Rwanda’s clean energy profile, yet the total electricity production is insufficient to meet the growing demands of the economy and population. This shortfall can pose challenges to economic development, limit industrial growth, and impact the quality of life, as access to reliable electricity is often a cornerstone of modern infrastructure and services.

Suggestions

To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Rwanda could look to successful models from other countries. China and the United States have set commendable precedents in wind and solar energy with China generating close to 1000 TWh from wind and substantial amounts from solar too. Similarly, India, whose economic landscape shares some similarities with Rwanda, has invested considerably in both solar and wind energy, with India producing around 125 and 92 TWh from solar and wind, respectively. Emulating strategies such as investing in solar photovoltaic installations and exploring suitable nuclei locations could be beneficial for Rwanda. Also, prioritizing infrastructure, like efficient grid systems, could help Rwanda harness these technologies more effectively and ensure a steady supply of clean electricity to its population.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Rwanda has been characterized by incremental growth in hydropower generation, with small advancements seen mainly in the 2010s. Notably, from 1996 to the early 2000s, there were minimal changes in hydroelectric production, indicating stability without much expansion during that period. It wasn't until the mid-2010s that modest growth became apparent with slight but steady increases in electricity generation in 2014, 2015, 2019, and 2020. These small gains signal a movement towards reinforcing Rwanda's commitment to low-carbon energy. However, there is a clear need for strategic planning and international collaboration to significantly leap advancements in this sector, considering the potential and necessity.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources