Electricity in Rwanda in 2022

In 2022, Rwanda's electricity consumption was characterized by a predominant reliance on low-carbon energy sources, with hydroelectric power being the primary source of electricity generation. The usage of fossil fuels for electricity was almost negligible, contributing to an overwhelmingly clean energy profile. However, compared to the global average of 3,638 watts per person, Rwanda's electricity consumption remains quite low. Such low levels of electricity generation can limit economic growth, hinder technological advancements, and impair the quality of life by restricting access to essential services that depend on a steady power supply. Therefore, expanding and diversifying Rwanda’s electricity sources is crucial to elevating consumption levels, reaching socio-economic goals, and improving overall living conditions.

Suggestions

To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Rwanda can look to implement strategies from countries that have successfully harnessed solar, wind, and nuclear energies. For instance, Rwanda might consider emulating China, which generates substantial amounts of electricity from both wind and solar energy, showcasing the feasibility and benefits of investing heavily in these technologies. Similarly, Rwanda can draw lessons from Brazil’s effective use of wind power and India’s advancements in solar energy. Given Rwanda’s geographical similarities and potential for sunlight, the country may find particular success in ramping up solar power initiatives while exploring wind energy possibilities further. Additionally, exploring the introduction and expansion of nuclear energy, as demonstrated by the United States and France, could provide Rwanda with a reliable and robust option for clean electricity generation that complements solar and wind energy.

History

Rwanda's history of low-carbon electricity development, primarily through hydropower, shows a pattern of modest growth and stability since the mid-1990s. The late 1990s saw minor fluctuations in hydroelectric generation, with some decreases and subsequent recoveries. Entering the 21st century, hydropower generation experienced virtually no changes until a slight increase began around 2014. Small yet consistent growth continued into the mid-2010s, with 0.1 TWh increments, followed by stability in recent years. This steady progress highlights the importance of maintaining and enhancing existing infrastructures while seeking diversification to encompass other low-carbon sources, ensuring a robust and adaptable electricity network for Rwanda's future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources