In 2025, Singapore’s electricity consumption remained overwhelmingly dependent on fossil fuels, which supplied about 97% of the total. Gas alone accounted for roughly 94%. Low-carbon electricity supplied just under 3%, entirely from solar in the reported mix. This leaves considerable room to expand clean electricity and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, whose use contributes to climate change and air pollution.

Is Electricity Growing in Singapore?

Electricity consumption per person is growing, but only slightly. In 2025, it reached a new record of about 10,500 kWh per person, exceeding the 2024 record by 83 kWh, or less than 1%. Meanwhile, low-carbon electricity generation fell to 285 kWh per person from its 2024 record of 511 kWh—a decline of 226 kWh, or about 44%. This retreat in clean generation is concerning: Singapore needs stronger low-carbon electricity growth to support electrification and rising demand from AI and other digital services.

Suggestions

Singapore should accelerate solar deployment on rooftops, industrial buildings and suitable floating installations, while considering nuclear electricity as a complementary source of clean generation. Island regions offer useful solar examples: Cyprus and the US state of Hawaii each generate about 23% of their electricity from solar, demonstrating substantially higher solar shares than Singapore’s. For nuclear, Singapore can study the United Arab Emirates, where nuclear supplies about 20% of electricity, and South Korea, where it supplies a quarter. France’s roughly two-thirds nuclear share also illustrates how nuclear can underpin a predominantly low-carbon electricity system. Singapore can learn from these regions’ deployment experience while tailoring its approach to local conditions.

History

Singapore’s reported low-carbon electricity history shows modest early additions followed by faster solar growth. Biofuels generation increased by 0.1 TWh in 1986 and by the same amount annually from 2013 through 2015. It then rose by 1.1 TWh in 2019, declined by 0.1 TWh in 2020 and increased by 0.4 TWh in 2022. Solar’s initial gains were smaller: the reported annual changes ranged from zero to 0.1 TWh between 2015 and 2021. Growth accelerated to 0.3 TWh annually from 2022 through 2024, followed by a 0.4 TWh increase in 2025. That sustained acceleration in solar is encouraging, even as the separate per-person figures show that overall low-carbon generation needs renewed momentum.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade