Currently, Djibouti's electricity consumption is heavily reliant on imports, with more than two-thirds of its electricity coming from external sources. Fossil fuels contribute close to one-fifth of the electricity mix, which is a concern due to their contribution to climate change and air pollution. Low-carbon electricity, however, is a bright spot, even though it makes up just under 10% of the total electricity. Within the low-carbon category, wind energy is the sole contributor, comprising nearly all of the clean energy produced domestically.

Is Electricity Growing in Djibouti?

Unfortunately, the data suggests that electricity consumption in Djibouti is currently experiencing a decline. Electricity consumption has decreased from 633 kWh per person in 2021 to 616 kWh per person in 2023, marking a reduction of 17 kWh per person. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation has also seen a slight decline, dropping from 62 kWh per person in 2021 to 61 kWh per person in 2023. This downward trend is concerning as it runs counter to the global shift towards increased electrification and the need for more sustainable energy solutions.

Suggestions

To boost its low-carbon electricity generation, Djibouti can look towards successful models across the world. Countries like Denmark and regions like Iowa are exemplary in harnessing wind power, each generating more than half of their electricity through wind. In terms of solar energy, regions such as California and Lebanon have achieved generation close to a third of their electricity from solar power. Given its sunny and windy environmental conditions, Djibouti could greatly benefit from focusing on expanding wind and solar energy infrastructure. Furthermore, nuclear energy presents a robust, low-carbon alternative, as seen in France, Slovakia, and South Carolina, where it accounts for significant contributions to their electricity generation. Lessons from these regions can be instrumental in shaping a sustainable energy future for Djibouti.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Djibouti, particularly wind energy, reveals a period of stagnation in recent years. After a small increase in wind energy production in 2021, with a generation of 0.1 TWh, there has been no further growth in 2022 and 2023. This stagnation is disappointing, as it suggests a missed opportunity to expand clean energy production in the region. In light of this, it is crucial that Djibouti seeks to invigorate its low-carbon energy sector to ensure future growth and sustainability.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade