In Somalia, the current state of electricity consumption reveals a stark contrast to the global average. People in Somalia consume about 23 kWh of electricity per person, which is close to none when compared to the global average of 3813 kWh/person. This vast disparity highlights the struggles in access to electricity and infrastructure that many in the country face. The region relies heavily on fossil fuels, with low-carbon or clean energy sources accounting for a much smaller share, estimated at 4 kWh/person. The deficiency in electricity, particularly sustainable energy, contributes to underdevelopment, restricting access to modern amenities, supporting educational resources, and limiting industrial growth, which further exacerbates the challenges Somalia faces in improving the overall quality of life for its citizens.
Is Electricity Growing in Somalia?
Examining the trends in Somalia’s electricity generation, it appears there is no meaningful growth in this sector. In 2023, Somalia's total electricity consumption saw a significant decline compared to its previous record in 1993, with a negative change of 22 kWh/person. This declining trend is concerning, especially when the low-carbon electricity generation remains stagnant over the years, registering no change from its peak in 2022, reinforcing a disheartening pattern of stagnation. The global push towards electrification and low-carbon energy sources underscores the urgent need for Somalia to revitalize and amplify its electricity generation capacity, thereby aligning closer to the developmental trajectories seen in other nations.
Suggestions
To augment its low-carbon energy generation, Somalia can vastly benefit from expanding its existing solar infrastructure. Countries like India and Brazil, which have seen success in solar and wind energy generation, serve as ideal benchmarks. Learning from India's rapid growth in solar electricity, with 134 TWh generated, and Brazil's utilization of both solar and wind energy, Somalia can leverage its sunny climate to boost solar power production. Implementing technologies and policies seen in these countries, such as supportive regulations for solar investors and improved grid management, could significantly elevate Somalia's energy landscape. By tapping into international cooperation and learning from global best practices, Somalia holds the potential to harness the abundant solar resources it possesses.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Somalia over recent years shows a persistent stagnation. Since 2016, there have been no reported increases in the generation of solar or wind electricity. This pattern of zero growth through the late 2010s into the early 2020s is concerning, indicating missed opportunities for sustainable development. This stagnation reflects a little progress made over the past decade, reinforcing the urgent need for strategic intervention and investment in clean energy technologies. Transforming this historical inertia into a growth trajectory will be crucial for Somalia in meeting the future energy needs and curbing reliance on fossil fuels, which greatly contribute to environmental degradation.