In 2023, electricity consumption in Somalia is exceedingly low, averaging only 23 kWh per person annually. This figure represents a striking contrast with the global average of almost 3,800 kWh per person, underscoring the significant gap in electricity access and consumption. Of the total electricity consumed, low-carbon sources contribute a small fraction, with around 4 kWh per person coming from clean energy sources such as solar and wind. The reliance on fossil fuels remains predominant, contributing to climate change and air pollution, without the compensating clean energy benefits. The low levels of electricity generation hinder many aspects of modern life, including health, education, and economic development, leaving Somalia at a disadvantage in terms of sustainable progress.

Is Electricity Growing in Somalia?

The trend in Somalia's electricity consumption is concerning, as recent data indicates stagnation or even decline. The latest figure of 23 kWh per person is lower than the record set in 1993 of 45 kWh per person, showing a decrease of about 22 kWh per person over three decades. Moreover, low-carbon electricity generation has remained unchanged at 4 kWh per person, remaining static since the previous record in 2022. This stagnation signifies missed opportunities for development and poses significant risks to Somalia’s energy security and environmental sustainability.

Suggestions

To boost low-carbon electricity generation in Somalia, significant expansion in solar energy infrastructure is a viable path forward. Successful regions, such as China and India, demonstrate the viability and impact of scaling up solar energy, generating massive amounts yearly. These examples illustrate the potential for improvement when there's dedicated investment and policy support for solar technology. Similarly, the nuclear energy capabilities of countries like the United States and France highlight the benefits of complementing solar expansion with robust nuclear programs to create a more resilient and sustainable energy mix. Somalia could significantly improve its electricity capacity by learning from these global leaders and strategically adopting their best practices.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Somalia over recent years reveals stagnation, with no significant developments in solar or wind power from 2016 to 2023. This period saw no measurable change in low-carbon electricity generation, which stayed at zero growth year after year. The lack of progress indicates a critical need for action and innovation in Somalia’s energy policy. The absence of notable gains in clean energy poses a barrier to technological and economic development, making it imperative to reverse this trend and strive for a greener, more sustainable energy future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade