In 2022, the electricity consumption landscape in Martinique was primarily dominated by fossil fuels, accounting for almost three-quarters of the total electricity consumption at about 74%. Meanwhile, low-carbon sources comprised a little more than a quarter, around 26%, indicating a shift towards cleaner energy. Within these low-carbon technologies, biofuels held the largest share at almost 17%, followed by solar power contributing over 6% and wind energy at nearly 3%. The reliance on fossil fuels remains substantial, indicating a significant opportunity for Martinique to further embrace cleaner, more sustainable electricity sources to reduce its carbon footprint and mitigate the adverse effects of climate change.
Is Electricity Growing in Martinique?
Despite a slight decline in overall electricity consumption from its peak in 2019, the electricity growth in Martinique remains a concern. The total electricity consumption per person was recorded at 4264 kWh, which is a slight decrease from the previous record of 4311 kWh per person in 2019. However, the encouraging aspect lies in the growth of low-carbon electricity generation, which increased from a previous high of 1085 kWh per person in 2019 to 1116 kWh per person in 2022. This positive trend indicates a gradual shift towards cleaner electricity sources and highlights the potential for further growth in low-carbon electricity, although the overall stagnation in electricity consumption requires attention.
Suggestions
To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, Martinique can take inspiration from regions successfully utilizing solar and nuclear energy. For instance, Lebanon and Nevada’s high solar generation rates of around 31% and 29%, respectively, can serve as benchmarks for expanding solar capacity. Additionally, nuclear energy provides a reliable low-carbon electricity source, as demonstrated by France where it accounts for 69% of electricity generation and Slovakia with 64%. By investing in and expanding nuclear and solar infrastructure, Martinique could significantly bolster its low-carbon electricity share, reducing dependency on fossil fuels and fostering a more sustainable electricity future.
History
Historically, Martinique's progression in low-carbon electricity generation has been slow and marked by only modest gains. Notably, from 2007 to 2011, the electricity generation from solar and geothermal sources saw minimal changes, with no significant increases recorded. However, since 2018, there have been slight increases in biofuels' contribution to electricity generation, particularly with gains noted in both 2018 and 2019. Despite these minor advancements, consistent stagnation from other low-carbon sources like solar and wind from 2019 to 2022 underscores the urgent need for strategic investments to accelerate the shift towards clean electricity in Martinique. Expanding solar and nuclear energy offerings could be pivotal in fostering significant growth in low-carbon energy generation moving forward.