In 2023, Eritrea's electricity consumption stands at a modest 127 kWh/person, which is close to none compared to the global average of 3771 kWh/person. Fossil energy continues to overshadow low-carbon sources, with clean electricity generation totaling only 14 kWh/person. This low level of electricity generation leads to limited access to energy for Eritrea's population, potentially hampering economic development and the standard of living. Increased electricity availability could support better healthcare, education, and economic opportunities and reduce the reliance on traditional biomass, which has adverse environmental and health impacts.

Is Electricity Growing in Eritrea?

The trend in Eritrea's electricity consumption is concerning. In 2023, the overall per capita electricity consumption saw a decrease from a previous record of 155 kWh/person in 2018. This represents a dip of 29 kWh/person. Similarly, the generation of low-carbon electricity has also slightly decreased from its peak of 15 kWh/person in 2019 to 14 kWh/person. This stagnant and declining trend indicates challenges in scaling up the electricity supply, particularly in clean energy sectors, despite a global push towards increased low-carbon energy generation. More proactive measures are essential to reverse this trend and to keep up with the global movement towards decarbonization.

Suggestions

To enhance Eritrea's low-carbon electricity generation, expanding its existing solar infrastructure presents a promising path forward. Given the country's abundant sunlight, similar to regions like Pakistan and Turkey which have successfully harnessed solar power, Eritrea can look to replicate such successes. Moreover, considering the global leaders in nuclear energy, like the United States and France, adopting nuclear energy can offer a reliable and substantial boost to the clean energy sector in Eritrea. Regions like Pakistan that have incorporated both solar and nuclear power with commendable outcomes could offer valuable insights into balancing multiple low-carbon technologies effectively.

History

Looking back, Eritrea's journey in low-carbon electricity generation has seen a stable, albeit non-progressive, pattern over several decades. From 1997 through 2007, and again in 2008 through 2010, there was no observable increase in clean energy production. The notable absence of significant growth during these years suggests a missed opportunity in advancing sustainable energy technologies when other parts of the world were already tapping into their solar and wind potentials. As such, a more aggressive approach towards integrating low-carbon sources is necessary to meet future electricity demands and contribute positively to both local and global environmental goals.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade