In 2023, Eritrea's electricity consumption stood at approximately 127 kWh per person, a figure that is close to none compared to the global average of 3,658 kWh per person. The country's electricity generation is predominantly sourced from fossil fuels, with minimal contributions from low-carbon energy sources. With a mere 14 kWh per person coming from clean energy, Eritrea's reliance on fossil fuel-based electricity is evident, which raises concerns about sustainability and environmental impact. The country's low electricity consumption level could potentially hinder its economic development and quality of life improvements. Access to reliable and clean electricity is crucial for enhancing education, healthcare, and industrial growth, all of which can drive social and economic progress.

Data sources used on this page include Ember and IEA. More about data sources →

Is Electricity Growing in Eritrea?

Unfortunately, the trend in electricity consumption in Eritrea does not indicate growth. Comparing the latest data from 2023 to previous years, the electricity consumption per person has decreased from a historic peak of 155 kWh in 2018. Additionally, the generation of low-carbon electricity has also decreased from its highest point of 15 kWh per person in 2019 to 14 kWh per person in 2023. These declines are concerning as they suggest a lack of progress in diversifying energy sources and reducing carbon emissions. Instead of advancing, Eritrea seems to be moving backward in terms of expanding electricity access and enhancing its energy portfolio with cleaner options.

Suggestions

To address these challenges, Eritrea can significantly benefit from expanding its low-carbon electricity generation, particularly by tapping into solar energy, which has already contributed some electricity in the country. Learning from countries with successful implementations of clean energy technologies is crucial. For instance, India and China have both made considerable strides in solar energy, producing 162 TWh and 1,170 TWh, respectively. Looking towards nuclear energy, France and the United States are exemplary, with each generating substantial amounts of clean electricity through nuclear power. By adopting strategies and technologies from these countries, Eritrea could harness its vast solar potential and explore nuclear energy options to build a more sustainable and reliable electricity system, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and contributing positively to the fight against climate change and air pollution.

History

Throughout the late 20th and early 21st century, the history of low-carbon electricity generation in Eritrea has been stagnant, with no recorded growth in solar energy from 1997 to 2019. Starting in 2008, wind energy too showed no significant changes, highlighting a prolonged period of inaction in developing low-carbon electricity resources. This history underlines an opportunity—a fresh start for Eritrea to reshape its electricity landscape by finally prioritizing and investing in clean energy technologies. Proactive planning and international cooperation could enable Eritrea to break free from decades of underdevelopment in this sector, driving toward a future marked by sustainable growth and improved energy access for its population.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade