In 2023, the electricity consumption in Comoros was characterized by a strong reliance on fossil fuels with very minimal contributions from low-carbon sources. The limited electricity generation capacity in Comoros means that more than half of the electricity comes from fossil energy, which is a concern given the global shift towards reducing carbon emissions. This dependency on fossil fuels not only hampers efforts to reduce air pollution and combat climate change but also potentially increases electricity costs due to fluctuating global oil prices. On average, Comorans consumed close to none of the global average per capita electricity of 3,813 watts per person, indicating a significant deficit in access to electricity that hinders economic growth and affects daily life.
Comoros can learn from countries with similar geographic and economic contexts that have successfully expanded their low-carbon electricity generation. For instance, Brazil has achieved notable success with wind power, generating around 108 TWh, demonstrating how wind technology can be utilized efficiently. India has also made strides with solar power, achieving 134 TWh, highlighting the viability of solar energy even in developing countries. By investing in solar and wind projects, Comoros could tap into its abundant natural resources to create a cleaner, more sustainable electricity supply. Furthermore, learning from China and the United States, both leaders in nuclear power generation, Comoros could explore options for small modular reactors to provide a steadier and cleaner electricity supply in the long term.
Historically, the development of low-carbon electricity in Comoros has been almost stagnant, with little to no increase in generation from cleaner sources over recent decades. The absence of significant policy changes or investments in low-carbon technologies has resulted in a persistent reliance on fossil fuels. Across the world, countries that have succeeded in diversifying their electricity mix have focused on supportive policies and investments in green energy infrastructure. Comoros could benefit from international partnerships and technological transfers to overcome past stagnation and build a cleaner, more resilient electricity system. With strategic planning, Comoros has the potential to shift towards a more sustainable and independent energy future.